Germany has 16 staates, we call it "Bundesländer"
Jokingly people sometimes say it would be 17 cause there are soooo many German's on the Spanish island Malorca and some jokingly say cause of how many Germans there are, the Spanish would reject to call Malorca a Spanish island. Hear me out there are a bit over 1 million people on that island and it's said that about half of them are German. It's a beautiful island (I never been there but I saw videos) and it's such a shame how bad of an reputation Germans gave to this island by being drunk and party all day, but who cares ...
In each staate, except the city-staates you have something called a "Kreisgebiet" (= District area) it's mostly a few towns and villages surounding another town or even city. Most of the districts are called after a city, a river or a mountains. Some of the District-areas in Nordrhein-Westfalen are called for example: Ennepe-Ruhrkreis, Kreis Steinfurt, Kreis Warendorf, Märkischer Kreis, Kreis Unna, Kreis Hamm, Hochsauerlandkreis,... and so on. As example for the staate Sachsen there exist: Kreis Leipzig, Erzgebiergekreis, Kreis Zwickau, Kreis Bautzen, Kreis Görlitz,...
Even tho we have this, we often also call whole chunks of a Staate by a name. So for example in the staate "Nordrhein-Westfalen" you find areas called Ruhrgebiet, Rheinland, Münsterland, Ostwestfalen, Ostwestfalen-Lippe, ... and so on. The State Bavaria for example has Oberbayern, Unterbayern, Bayrische Jura, Bayrischer Wald, Oberpfalz, Fränkische Schweiz,... and so on and on ...
Also each staate has their own capital city, of cause for city staates their capital is the city they are named after. There are 3 city staates
Germany also got 92 islands but most people only know the name of 4-5 because nobody really cares if there is nobody living. The islands with people living on them are: Sylt, Borkum, Rügen, Amrum, Föhr, Usedom, Wangerooge, Langeroog, Juist, Fehman, Neuwerk, Pellworm, Ummanz, Hiddensee, Oland, Greifswalder Oie, Vilm, Memmert, Mainau, Helgoland, Ruden, Südfall, Scharhörm, Nordstrand, Nigehörn, Norderoog, Langlütjen, Reichenau. Many of these islands have under 100 citizen, some even just 1. The most popular islands are Helgoland, Sylt, Juist, Usedom, Borkum and Rügen. Especially Rügen, Sylt, Helgoland and Usedom are popular for hollidays. Rügen has the most citizen as an island with around 63K divided by 4 towns
If you want to know more useless stuff, than feel free to ask