First, most idols don't fit comfortably into anyone category. This is just a loose guide.
Big Group Idols
These are idols that belong to one of the mega groups like akb48 or Nogizaka46. The type of idol you might see in these types of groups can vary greatly as their main goal is to promote themselves and stand out.
Tradols: This is a slang term for traditional idols. I think the most known amongst international fans that fit in this category are hello project idols, which include groups like Morning Musume. These idols fit the general perception of idols being cute and innocent.
Alt idols These are idols that go for an alternative image to your traditional idols and try to stand out by being different. The most famous company for these types of idols is called Wack
Chika Idols Chika is Japanese for basement, so that might give you an idea of the level we are dealing with here. These girls play to really small crowds in small clubs even basements of bars sometimes.
This is where one will find your real punk, extreme, or idols that go against traditional social norms. Most of the idols in this scene fit the alt scene, but there are some with a more traditional image
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